Whale-inspired wind turbines increase efficiency by copying the bumps, called tubercles, on humpback whale flippers. These bumps help control airflow by reducing turbulence and delaying stall, allowing turbine blades to keep producing lift at lower wind speeds and higher angles. As a result, the turbines can generate more energy, operate more smoothly, and work effectively across a wider range of wind conditions.

Painless needles are inspired by the mosquito proboscis(or mouth), which can pierce skin with minimal discomfort. A mosquito’s mouth has multiple tiny, serrated parts that vibrate and slide past nerve endings instead of pressing directly on them. Biomimetic needles copy this idea by using very thin needles, microscopic grooves, or vibration during insertion, which reduces resistance and pain.

Bird-wing airplanes are inspired by how birds fly efficiently using curved wings, flexible feathers, and wingtip shapes. Birds spread their feathers at the wingtips to reduce swirling air, which lowers drag—this idea led to winglets on modern airplanes that improve fuel efficiency.